The Verdict Of 500 Jurymen Judged Socrates Essay - 2005 Words

The verdict of 500 jurymen judged Socrates as guilty with death as punishment. Who is to blame for his death? Some blames the Athenians for their ignorance killing a great philosopher who has contributed to the foundation of Western philosophy; while other blames Socrates for being the most arrogant human being ever to have existed in Athens. Socrates’ trial was written in the Apology of Socrates with exaggerations by his student, Plato, who was there at the trial. In the Apology Socrates diligently tried to prove his innocence and wished to guide the jurymen away from a deciding on a guilty verdict that would result in sleepless nights because they had lost a great philosopher (Apology 38c). However, many would agree that the loss or the tragedy may not be of the jurymen or even further, human-kind, but it is the tragedy of Socrate’s incapability of being Socrates. What does this even mean? It means that Socrates had it coming because he was being the annoying Socrates he was; Socrates procured his own tragedy in the trial thought his own hubris. Socrates seems to fit the definition of a tragic hero. What makes someone a tragic hero? Many agree that Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero is a good description. The description comes from Aristotle’s Poetic, â€Å"The tragic hero is a [great] man who is neither a paragon of virtue and justice nor undergoes the change to misfortune through any real badness or wickedness but because of some mistake† (Poetics). The mistake or

Affirmative Action - 774 Words

Affirmative action is a practice that is intended to promote opportunities for the â€Å"protected class† which includes minorities, woman, and people with disabilities or any disadvantaged group for that matter. With affirmative action in place people of this protected class are given an even playing field in terms of hiring, promotion, as well as compensation. Historically, affirmative action is only known to have protected African Americans and woman; however that is not the case. Affirmative action protects a variety of people and without this statute many people included in this protected class would be unfairly discriminated against. There are many reasons why affirmative action should continue to be a part of workplace such as: †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦This is a very legal way in ensuring minorities an even playing field (Campus that Looks like America). Because of the effectiveness of affirmative action other statues have been put into place to ensure that other members of this protected class are not getting discriminated against such as the Rehabilitation Act. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which makes it unlawful for certain employers to discriminate against a qualified individual exclusively by reason of her or his disability. The Rehabilitation Act does not specifically address medical inquiries, although it provides that the judicial standards used to determine whether an employer has unlawfully discriminated shall be the standards applied under the ADA. This is merely one of many statutes that were created as a part of affirmative action to promote equal employment. Clearly, with all of the mandates that were branched off of affirmative action the need for this program in the workplac e is vital. Affirmative action promotes diversity which is known to be a vital part of any company’s success. Many companies even the U.S Government pride their selves on diversity and use various affirmative action programs to achieve such a company culture. For example the U.S. Census Bureau recently conducted a case study regarding the issue of diversity. The Census Bureau defines adversity as the all of the ways in which we differ. Among these dimensions are race, gender, age, disability, religion, sexualShow MoreRelatedThe Affirmative Of Affirmative Action Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pages Many affirmative action efforts have been made since the end of the Civil War in order to remedy the results of hundreds of years of slavery, segregation and denial of opportunity for groups that face discrimination. Many African Americans such as President Barack Obama, Senator Cory Booker, the writer Toni Morrison, the literary scholar Henry Louis Gates, media star Oprah Winfrey, and rap star Jay-Z have achieved positions of power and influence in the wider society (Giddens, Duneier, AppelbaumRead MoreAffirmative Action1160 Words   |  5 PagesAffirmative Action Marlene S. Smith MGT/434 October 28, 2013 Thomas Affirmative Action Affirmative action is an action that was purposefully designed to provide full and equal opportunities for employment and education for women, minorities, and other individuals belonging to disadvantaged groups. This paper will assess the rudiments of Affirmative Action as it applies to public and private sector employers. The paper will also evaluate what employers are subject to affirmative actionRead MoreAffirmative Action1559 Words   |  7 PagesRESEARCH PAPER AFFIRMATIVE ACTION INTRODUCTION Affirmative Action is an employment legislation protection system that is intended to address the systemized discrimination faced by women and minorities. It achieves this by enforcing diversity through operational intrusions into recruitment, selection, and other personnel functions and practices in America. Originally, Affirmative Action arose because of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s desire to integrate society on educationalRead MoreAffirmative Action1571 Words   |  7 PagesName Professor Name Management 11th November 2011 Affirmative Action Thesis: Affirmative Action has helped many women and minorities in entering the job market. Although there has been a lot of hue and cry regarding the benefits of the affirmative action and the suitability of candidates selected thorough affirmative action; research has shown that affirmative action is beneficial and the candidates of affirmative action perform as well as those who are selected through theRead MoreAffirmative Actions1078 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: AFFERMATIVE ACTION Affirmative Actions Affirmative action is an action taken by an organization to select on the basis of race, gender, or ethnicity by giving due preferences to minorities like women and races being not adequately represented under the existing employment. To make the presentation of all these compositions almost equal in proportion to do away the injustice done in the past. The Supreme Company need to design an affirmative action program in the light ofRead MoreAffirmative Action1759 Words   |  8 PagesAffirmative Action Right? Affirmative action has been around for decades. Some believe it isn’t fair but others do. Those who believe and agree with affirmative action tend to say, â€Å"The principle of affirmative action is to promote societal equality through the preferential treatment of socioeconomically disadvantaged people† (Bidmead, Andrew pg 3). Others that disagree with it and find it unfair simply see it as another form of discrimination, giving one group extra advantages based upon nothingRead MoreAffirmative Action And Its Effects On Affirmative1263 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout America there are many different views on the effects of affirmative action. Many see it as a negative policy which gives an unnecessary advantage to minorities in America. In a 2009 Pew Poll, â€Å"58% of African Americans agree† and only â€Å"22% whites agree† that there should be â€Å"preferential treatment to improve the position of blacks and other minorities† (Public Backs Affirmative Action†). Today affirmative action and other racial injustices tend to be in the spotlight quite often, suchRead MoreAffirmative Action : Gender Action Essay970 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative Action (ADD PROPER INTRO) Affirmative action, in its broadest sense, are attempts to help create labor and educational opportunities for groups that have been disadvantaged in the past. (Miriam Webster). Evidence has shown that throughout history, many groups have been discriminated against, and because of past (discriminations?), they continue to experience obstacles in areas of hiring, promotion, renting, buying, gaining education, and everyday economic activities. Thus, affirmativeRead MoreAffirmative Action Is An Action Or Policy? Essay1774 Words   |  8 Pages Affirmative Action remains one of the more complicated and controversial topics dealt with in American society. Affirmative Action is an action or policy designed to protect specific groups who suffer from discrimination, and provide them with programs and special opportunities. These government or private programs were designed to set right historical injustices towards the members of these groups who have suffered things like employment and e ducational disadvantages from racial discriminationRead More Affirmative Action Essay787 Words   |  4 PagesAffirmative action- a plan to offset past discrimination in employing or educating women, blacks etc. (Websters New World Dictionary.) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The history of affirmative action has its roots in the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and stems from the United States Supreme case of Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas. In 1965, President Linden B. Johnson issued Executive Order #11246 at Howard University that required federal contractors to undertake affirmative action to

Child Custody between Grandparents free essay sample

Although the father was not biological the courts granted him custodial rights over children after divorce courts found that it was in the best interest of the children. It breaks down the history from earlier years most of which continues to be used in court systems today. Stepparents do not owe a duty to support their stepchildren subsequent to divorce. However, Oregon does recognize a reciprocal duty that parents have to support their children and vice versa Indiana 60 Ind. L. J. 191 Visitation Beyond the Traditional Limitations States the custodial right of the noncustodial parent is altered but not extinguished. The purpose of visitation is to protect the parent’s right of custody and benefit the child. Visitation is important for a child’s whole growth, metal, physical and spiritual. Denial of such can make a child feel rejected and confuses. Oregon 59 Am. Jur. 2nd Parent and Child  § 38 Visitation rights are sometimes awarded to non-parents with the parent’s consent, or without serious objection by them in which case they are then generally upheld against later or collateral attack. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Custody between Grandparents or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In jurisdictions, statutes governing grandparent- visitation rights when a child’s nuclear family is absent due to divorce, death, relinquishment of termination of  parental rights, or other cause. Under such statutes, however, the grand-parent may have to prove that the visitation sought is in the grandchild’s â€Å"best interest. † Provide 2 cases that discuss your legal issue. Provide the Bluebook citation to each case and the Facts, Issue, Rule, Analysis, and Conclusion of each case. Troxel v. Granville, 530 U. S. 57 (2000) Facts: Tommie Granville and Brad Troxel’s relationship produced two children. Brad killed himself, this terminated regular visits with his parents. The children visited their grandparents on the weekends. After Brad killed himself, Tommie let the paternal grandparents know that visits will be once a month, as oppose to when visits the children visited every weekend. The Troxel’s sued Tommie Granville for visitation rights to their grandchildren under section 26. 10. 160 (3) of the revised code of Washington. The section permits any person to petition for visitation rights at any time and authorizes state superior courts to grand such rights whenever visitation may serve in the best interest of the child. Issue: Are grandparents entitled to get a court order allowing them visitation to their grandchildren? Rule: Section 26. 10. 160 (3) of the Revised Code of Washington unconstitutionally interfere with a parent’s fundamental right to raise his or her children as he or she sees fit? Analysis: The court recognizes that although fit parents ought to be the primary in charge regarding the way to raise their children, the Washington statute was not facially unconstitutional because it did not automatically strip parents of their decision-making rights, but only permitted non-parents to petition courts to hear their cases regarding matters related to the best interest of the child. Conclusion: Parents have the right to change their modes of parenting, which can include allowing, denying, or tempering grandparent or other individual visitation arrangements. Matter of Marriage of Pointer 112 Or. App. 511, 829 P. 2d 1016 Facts: Mother has custody of child after divorce, appeals an order granting visitation rights to grandparents. Mother argued that visitation rights give to grandparents was inappropriate. She did not think agree that grandparents needed to see child as often since marriage has ended. Since the divorce child has maintained a good relationship with grandparents. Experts agree it is in the best interest of the child that grandparents continue visits. Issue: Can grandparents file a petition granting them visitation rights? Rule: According to the conditions of ORS 109. 121 (1) have been satisfied. The court has the authority to grant visitation to the grandparents if end result would be in the best interest of the child. Analysis: Any order creating visitation rights under this section shall be according to the courts best judgment of the facts of the case and shall include such conditions and limitations as it deems reasonable. In making or modifying such an order, the court shall be guided by the best interests and welfare of the child. Conclusion: The amount of visitation allowed is appropriate and is in the best interests of the child. During the extensive periods of time spent with them, they have developed an important relationship. It is positive to continue regular contact and its importance in the childs development. The only negative aspects of the grandparents’ relationship with child were apparently between mother and the grandmother, which can possibly be resolved. Provide two statutes that are pertinent to this legal issue. Give the full Bluebook citation and a breakdown of each statute. Oregon O. R. S.  § 109. 302 Grandparent visitation in stepparent adoption In a stepparent adoption, a grandparent whose visitation rights were terminated as a result of the adoption prior to August 23, 1993, may petition to have the visitation rights restored. The petition must be filed within one year after August 23, 1993. The court shall restore the visitation rights, unless the court finds that restoration of visitation rights is not in the best interest of the child. Indiana IC 31-9-2-77 Maternal of paternal grandparent Both agencies are reliable sources. They help guide non-custodial parents and guardians in trying to seek visitation. Provide two reliable websites that you could consult regarding this issue. Provide the link to the website and a description as to what type of information you located on the website. www. Courts. Oregon. gov/lane/FamilyandChildren/pages/gpvisit. aspx Guides from point A to B of what you will need to do in order to file the necessary paperwork once grandparent or non-custodial parent has been denied visitation rights.This website provides the necessary law and guidelines for grandparents when seeking visitation rights. State Rights Each state has incorporated statutory guidelines for granting visitation rights to grandparents. The intent of granting grandparent visitation rights is to allow grandparents to maintain contact with grandchildren. In general, two types of laws exist: restrictive visitation statutes and permissive visitation statutes. Restrictive visitation laws only allow grandparents to seek visitation rights if the parents have divorced or if one or both parents are deceased. See more at: http://family. findlaw. com/child-custody/grandparent-visitation-rights. html? DCMP=GOO-FAM_GrandparentRightsStates-OregonHBX_PK=oregon+grandparent+visitation+rights#sthash. taifHdy9. dpuf Provide a short explanation of how you conducted this research. What type of plan did you follow? I would begin my research utilizing law search engines as WestLaw and Findlaw. I would start with secondary sources; I find them to be more resourceful when attempting to get the research in order. I would get all cases related to my case to see what can possibly be used within the research. I will then locate different agency’s pertaining to the case to locate information that will prove to be important when attempting to build the case. I would search the law in both states to see what the rights of the grandparents are. I will then have my attorney review my brief to check to see if I applied all the necessary law and rules to the case.

Managements and Organizations

Questions: It is often believed that many companies are emphasizing on creating high performing teams to gain competitive advantage. Do you agree with this statement? Why? Why not? Use examples from your organisation? In answering this question you are expected to define the relevant terms and definitions. Please include the following concepts in your answer: a. Recent popularity of teams; b. Types of teams and c. Creation of high performing teams. Answers: Part A The two types of management frames taken are authoritative and democratic. The authoritative frame of management is power-oriented, punitive and has controlling power with the management. They believe in imposing rules and regulations on the employees and treat the employees as subordinates to the top management authority. On the other hand, the democratic type of management is employee centred; believe in maintaining good relation with the employee and follow participative principle, in contrast to the directive principle of authoritative management. Further, the former is job centred and the later is employee centred. The former is concerned with the production of the company and the latter is concerned with the people of the company. Lastly, the former is task-oriented and the latter is relationship oriented (Drori et al.2013). In todays changing trend of competition, market , customers, slowly and gradually the authoritative managing organization are changing them to democratic m anagement system. Trump organization is a real estate privately owned company of United States that follows authoritative management (Trump.com 2016). On the other hand, Apple Inc. is multinational technology company of United States. The paper discusses the differences of both in operations (apple.com 2016) In case of authoritative management, the top level employees treat the junior employees as subordinates and believe in imposition of rules and discipline. On the basis of that they formulate strategy. Strategies are generally formulated based on the environment of work and in the authoritative management the work environment is conservative and so the strategies are also formed without any integration with the employees. However, in democratic management, the top management believes in including the employees in the decision making and make them free to discuss their issues. Hence it leads to formulation of strategy integrating the employees. Integration of employees in strategy formulation helps in positive implementation of the strategies as the employees themselves are included in making the strategies so they cooperate full heartedly, in its successful implementation (Fleming and Spicer 2014).Strategic integration is a part of democratic management and the key to its success The traditional managers generally follow their traditional style of operation like in Trump, an authoritative firm, whereas, the entreprens believes in implementing entrepreneurial management, like in Apple Inc. In the former case, the manager are suppose to check the work of the subordinates, like checking on staff time, monetary budgets, efficient level of inputs and others whereas, in the latter case, the entreprens prioritise the activities. They focus more on allocation of resources like time and money, purchase of effective services and expertise. The difference in their approach brings different results (Goetsch and Davis 2014). Both the approach is unique in its own way and also successful to their levels. However, chane become inevitable with changing environment. Doing business in multicultural market is a challenge for both the companies. The consumers taste, preferences and demand widely varies in multicultural market as it is influenced with their style of living, religion, eating habits and other factors. Trump being an authoritative firm tries to satisfy the market demand at its own level adopting different strategies but Apple Inc. first tries to understand the culture of the market and treat people individually with customised products and services. Understanding the culture of the market helps in penetrating the market better than being trying its own strategies without understanding the requirements (Nonaka et al.2014). An authoritative firm believes in making their own market strategies without doing sample study of the market which may bring failures sometimes The difference in culture affects the management practices and their policies. In an authoritative management system, if there is difference in the culture of employees and market, their approach of dealing varies as compared to that in democratic management system. The former will not try to gel with the different culture people and will try to impose the companys rule on them, whereas, the latter will try to make the place of work comfortable for the different cultural people so that they can work effectively and meet the activities of their task efficiently. The conservative style of authoritative management does not bring successful returns to the company in todays global economy and the participative management style is more successful in meeting their goals (Roth 2014). The participative management tries to integrate through different culture and style of work which is inevitable in todays global economy framework. Part B Companies do create high performing team to meet the increasing challenges in the market, especially to gain competitive advantage against the competitors. The Trump organization has formed organization work force where the team members together work under the guidance of the manager or leader to achieve a common goal of gaining competitive advantage in the market. On the other hand, In Apple Inc, self managed team are formed to meet the similar goals. In self managed team, there is no supervisor or leader and the team members are individually accountable for their performances and results of the task assigned. In self managed team, each member of the team id its own mentor and guide and is responsible of his or her performance and achieving the common goal. However, in Trump organization, the leader has the responsibility of the team performance and is accountable to the authority when the team performance is not good (Belbin 2012). In every organization no one can work alone and team work is always required, be it authoritative or democratic management. Every employee has to be a part of the team and need to work in coordination with the team to achieve the common goals and to perform well. There are different types of team and can be formed anywhere irrespective of the type of management. They are permanent team, temporary team, task force, committee, organization work force; self managed teams, cross functional team and virtual team. In an authoritative management practice, the type of teams found is generally, organization work force, committee, permanent and temporary team. On the contrary, the type team formed are generally, self-managed team, virtual team and cross-functional team (Belbin 2012). Apple Inc. team performance has given few leanings that must be followed to have high performing team. Firstly, one person should be in-charge of the project and should be accountable for delivering the work of the team. Secondly, the team must meet once in week to update each other about their output and task status. Third, the top level employees should work in team to have the similar teamwork at the bottom level. Otherwise, the team work filters as we move from top to bottom level of employees. Fourth, each member o the team must trust others and should share their problems openly so that solutions can be found and team performance can be enhanced. Fifth, the member of the team should be open to arguments and should not fear getting into conflict. The fear of conflicts damages the team performance and not the presence of conflicts. Sixth, the team member should be given some leverage to take decisions and every decision should not be subject to committee meetings. It makes the em ployees frustrated and they start delinking themselves from the companys performance. Lastly, the team should work to achieve one goal and every member should be united in reaching the goal (Shafritz et al.2015). The Apple Inc. being a democratic management system do follow the above mention criteria to increase the performance of the team. However, Trump organization being a authoritative management system does not believe in all the criteria and maintain control with the management for the team performances (Starr et al. 2016). Part C There are several factors that motivate the investors to invest overseas besides the value of the currencies. In case of Malaysian investors, similar factors have played the role in increasing the investment in Cambodia. The factors are discussed below. In Cambodia, the labour wages are low that reduces the cost of production for the organization. The government policy is liberal on business and has large consumer market. The country has always maintained good relation with the other countries and has entered a number of trading agreements like Association of South-East Asian nations (ASEAN), Asia Free Trade Area (AFTA), and China- ASEAN Free Trade Area (CAFTA). These trading agreements have made the country to have preferential access for a number of products to some of the worlds richest market (Tremblay 2012). Cambodia has one of the most open economies of the world and has been ranked 35th in terms of economic freedom by Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom. The country has received the rank due to its positive policies towards labour market restrictions, trade policy, regulatory barriers and fiscal burden. However, the country do face economic hurdles in terms of limited infrastructure, poor health care, low government salaries and other problems faced by a less developed country. But in respect of doing business, the country has always supported the investors. The country has also topped the rank among other LDCs, in terms of market friendliness (Walker 2015). The areas in which the country excels and has given easy access to business are tourism and agriculture. Country has liberalised its policy sufficiently for the foreign companies to invest in tourism industry which is a growing industry in the country and has enough potentiality for making profit. The visit of tourist is expected to cross 1 million mark in the next two years and hence demand high quality of facility for the tourist which is possible only through FDI flow. The government of Cambodia has provided built-operate-transfer schemes for the investors to attract them to invest in the country. Further, government has helped the MNCs to avail finance from International Finance Corporation (IFC), Asian Development Bank (ADB) and countries like Japan which act as a donor country for Cambodia (Tremblay 2012). Agriculture sector also has lots of potentiality for foreign investment especially in agro-processing and organic farming. Government has provided the facility to the foreign companies to get into partnership with local farmers with 51% share of equity that has definitely attracted FDI in the country (Walker 2015). Hence, though the value of dollar increases and investment becomes expensive, there are other factors that have encouraged Malaysian investors to invest in the Cambodia. References Apple. 2016.Apple. Belbin, R.M., 2012.Management teams. Routledge. Belbin, R.M., 2012.Team roles at work. Routledge. Drori, G.S., Hllerer, M.A. and Walgenbach, P. eds., 2013.Global themes and local variations in organization and management: perspectives on glocalization. Routledge. Fleming, P. and Spicer, A., 2014. Power in management and organization science.The Academy of Management Annals,8(1), pp.237-298. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Nonaka, I., Chia, R., Holt, R. and Peltokorpi, V., 2014. Wisdom, management, and organization.Management Learning,45(4), pp.365-376. Roth, S., 2014. The multifunctional organization: Two cases for a critical update for research programs in management and organization.Tamara: Journal for Critical Organization Inquiry,12(3), pp.37-54. Shafritz, J., Ott, J. and Jang, Y., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Starr, M.T., Spectra Logic Corporation, 2016.AUTHORITATIVE POWER MANAGEMENT. U.S. Patent 20,160,117,125. Tremblay, D.G., 2012. WorkFamily Balance: Is the Social Economy Sector More Supportive and is this because of its More Democratic Management?.Review of Social Economy,70(2), pp.200-232.